Excelsa beans may become a new resilient coffee variety for growers

The Excelsa coffee species, discovered over a century ago in South Sudan, is gaining traction among local farmers in Sudan and international experts alike, especially as the global coffee industry faces a crisis exacerbated by climate change. With traditional coffee-producing nations like Brazil experiencing severe droughts affecting their crops, the industry is in dire need of resilient alternatives. Excelsa coffee, known for its deep roots and robust nature, thrives in harsh conditions, resisting common pests and diseases, making it a promising option for future cultivation.

Despite its potential, Excelsa currently represents less than 1% of the global coffee market, dwarfed by the more popular arabica and robusta varieties. The unique qualities of Excelsa are not widely known outside certain circles. It offers a distinctive flavor profile, reminiscent of sweet robusta, with notes of chocolate, dark fruits, and hazelnut, appealing to those who favor less bitter coffee.

Its cultivation in South Sudan, however, faces significant challenges, including the country’s ongoing political instability and inadequate infrastructure, which complicate the transportation and export of the beans. Efforts are underway to revive and expand the coffee industry in South Sudan, led by organizations like Equatoria Teak. The company has been conducting trials with Excelsa, supporting local farmers by distributing seedlings and offering training. The initial results are promising, with some trees producing their first fruits this year. Ian Paterson, managing director of Equatoria Teak, hopes to begin exporting Excelsa coffee to specialty shops in Europe by 2027, potentially injecting $2 million into the local economy.

However, the success of Excelsa coffee and its ability to transform the lives of South Sudanese farmers hinges on the region’s ability to maintain peace and stability. The future of Excelsa coffee in South Sudan is not just about agricultural innovation but also about building a sustainable and peaceful environment where such initiatives can thrive.